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9) Recordings 

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A Brief History of Anthropological Thought

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  Aspects for Comparison: In order to understand the development of anthropology as a discipline and the notion of CULTURE in particular you should have know a  brief definition of each of the major theoretical schools  that we covered in class as well as the ability to compare and contrast the theories on the basis of the following criteria: definition of culture  (singular, plural, ideological, adaptive) methodology  (how are hypotheses created and data collected) synchronic vs diachronic  (temporal focus for analysis) empirical vs speculative  (scientific method) emic  (insider)  vs etic (outsider) (perspective) It is also important to understand that theories are  culture bound  and as such are inherently  biased  because they are  a product of the culture at the time in which they are created . They ask questions that are relevant to the cultures which create them according to their understanding of the nature of...
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Social Structure

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  There are levels of relationship beyond those of either affinal on consanguineal ties.These are groupings by age, sex, and common interest. AGE & SEX: all cultures make distinctions based on age & sex (as we learned when we spoke about division of labor) SEX:  degree of sexual segregation living arrangements division of labor menstruation taboos symbolic segregation rigidity of sex roles hunters and gatherers (flexible) horticulturalists (rigid) institutionalized homosexuality & sexual ambuguity symbolic value placed on sex roles & activities which carry greater prestige, men's or women's roles? • Iroquois example • matrilineal society, matrilocal   • women were in charge of the economy, of the house, of subsistence, of inheritance   • men in charge of hunting, warring, raiding, trading, diplomacy   • when men were in the village, they lived with and slept with the women   • men and women were separate-but-equal   • low incidence of i...
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Anthropology & Human Rights (Read)

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  Anthropologists, Cultural Relativism, and Universal Rights By  Carolyn   Fluehr - Lobban Cultural relativism, long a key concept in anthropology, asserts that since each culture has its own values and practices, anthropologists should not make value judgments about cultural differences. As a result, anthropological pedagogy has stressed that the study of customs and norms should be value-free, and that the appropriate role of the anthropologist is that of observer and recorder. Today, however, this view is being challenged by critics inside and outside the discipline, especially those who want anthropologists to take a stand on key human-rights issues. I agree that the time has come for anthropologists to become more actively engaged in safeguarding the rights of people whose lives and cultures they study. Historically, anthropology as a discipline has declined to participate in the dialogue that produced international conventions regarding human rights. For example, in...
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